Door closer



I May 1, 1951 s, BARTQSZEK 2,550,756

DOOR CLOSER Filed March 12, 1949 as I INVENTOR'Z ARTOSZEK Patented May 1 19 51 ii [noon oLo'sER stanley 'G.= Bartoszek, Chicago, Ill'., assignor to The OscanClRixson 00., (llficagoglll' ca 'coiporation of Illinois Figure 1' is a perspective view shew-mg the type of door clser=that is embe'dd'ed in the fio'or he'low the door, with the'ce'ver of thehousing being sl'iown'as liftedarid-ti-itedto show soi ne-of-tlie I elation to others.

removed the door being represented by hr oken lin's shovving its relation totne Spindle of the door closingmechanisinw hich serves as one-of the hinges upon which the door swings; some of the: ar t's being show n-in section taken on the 1 iltiine of the-bottom of-the cdv'er.

l ig. 3 is a --sectional elevation taken *on -the the-linkage that connects the-spindlewith ratingsp'ri-ngs.

under the-ac'tien-of-one of the torsion springs.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail showing the means for rota-tingthe-springspind le and locking ihiforradiiusting the tension of "the torsion spring.

In the form shown in the draWingsgth iiothing I0 is in theiorm of a-cast iron-tank which may be filled with a liquid lubricant and checking medium. This tank is closed bymeans of mover H Tlie door spindle I-Z isseatedin a balHoearing "l2'i l on thebot-tom of the housing-Fahd extends through -a-bushing 1-3 lining a b'eaiih'g aperture inthe-cover l I. Theupper endpf-th-e spindle is flattened at M to receive an arm I41, Fig. 3, by means of which the spindle is afiixed to the door which is shown by broken lines I in Figs. 2, 3 and 4.

A pair of oppositely wound helical torsion springs l6 and I? are carried b and afiixed to .bottom fittings, not shown, which are fast against relative rotation on spaced vertical spindles l8 rby the closed positioh at which ado ubleig iseiplan view of-the same with-the cover a or Fig.--2 with-the cover df- 'the hou's'irig ids-a nagmemaryoetan; in pian, of a poris". 5 is a sectional- 'd'e'tail -taken onthe line 5 5 or r'ig. 2, showing s'to'p 'means adjustable from above for limiting the movement-'o'fthe -door i2 7 and 1 9 "which ar mounted in the housin {10. These spihdles' are jour rialedm me bottoms-f the theirupper'erids and d hater-e fotatablyhnoiinted in'the covr =m'em-ber ll a-ndprovi'dd' withcross pins 2 2 toengage the slots 'i-"n these spindles, whereby the spindles maybe rm tated'fto tensionthespr-ingsand are locked in a djuste'd positions by=meanso iock screws 23 whose heads--engage peripheral notches in the members. i

h ofthe s'pindles -l 8and49 has-a'springtop fitting '21 near "its-upperen'd which iitting -i's loosi -mounted on thespindledfl or 19, as th'e casema be. These"to fittings in are identical in -"shapean'd each comprises-a hub portiombord to receive the spindle l8 or IBand' haviHg integra'hlaterally extending portions "Z Tand 2'8 'that' restupon themeonvolution of thespiihg f6- Orji j. "Each 'fittirig'z r'has a-p'air of' ltigs*25. Onefifthese lugsispositionedf aiffd shapedtomec'eive the hookedenddf a CIOCK'WiSeWOuIiWhGL icarspr'ing and the-othe'r is positionedarid'shapd to receive the hookedend' ofa counter=clockwise wound spring. The arms 28- carrypivo'tsjtuds 29 which respectivelyengage the' main links t'fl-and 3l-"of'f-a pair ofiink'ages that'connect'the springs with the spindle 1 2 so as to rotate the 'spin'dle'in respectively opposite directions and return'tlie door to its closed position when swung toward eithe'rfsidefromits'closed position,

I n additiont'mthe maimlinks 30 and'fll, each of "these linkages" comprises a' p'airof togglelin'lfs 32f n'd 3 3 connecting-the m'aindinks "3'0 and 3! with 34 and 35 respectively, which extend at an angle to eachotheratopposite sides of the spindle l2. The 'arms3 Wand 3'5"areslotted to recei've the links 33 fand'h'ave sh'oulders36against' which the links '33 bearwhnthe respective lil'ikages'areunde'r tension. It will be understood that both linkages are'un'der tension andoccupy the positions inwhich "they are shown in Figfz only whenthe door I5i'is' in its closed position.

The construction" defined up to this pointfex cept'as tench-essential structuralidetails, is disclosedin R'ixson' PateritfNo. 13025309. Theprserit invention resides in V improvements a'dde'd thereto and hereinafter"definedwhich i'm'p'IOVementsprovide greaterpre'cisionin 'thel'opera'tioh of the r'necha'nism and have particularreferefice to perfecting its capability 'ifor easyn adjustment from the exterior of'it's closedca'sirig'so as"to"assure proper alinement of pairs of double two-way swinging doors in their normal closed positions.

In my improved structure shown in the drawing, movement of the links 30 and 3| under the action of their respective springs l6 and I1 toward the right of Fig. 2 is limited by adjustable stop members which, in the form shown, comprise screw studs 31 threaded through the cover plate II and having conical heads 38 that coact with beveled surfaces 39 on the adjacent ends of the links 30 and 3|. These stops are adjusted by turning the studs 31 to raise or lower the heads38 in relation to the beveled surfaces 39 (see Fig. so that the door normally come to rest in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2 when both of the linkages are under tension.

In order that the door may be freely swung in either direction away from its normal closed position, except for the resistance of one of the torsion springs l6 and H, the toggles, consisting of the links 32 and 33, are provided. In the normal position of Fig. 2, the toggle links 32 are pulled by the springs into alignment with the main links 30 and 3| of their respective linkages and the toggle links 33 act in the nature of extensions of the arm 34 and arm 35 due to their abutment with the shoulders 36 on the spindle I2. When, however, the door i swung toward one side of its central or closed position, the linkage on that side will be under tension and will yield against the resistance of the respective spring I6 or H. The toggle portion of the linkage on the opposite side ,will buckle freely to permit such swinging of the door, but the respective main link will be held against its respective limit stop 38. The return of the door to its middle or closed position is checked by dashpots connected to th spindle 12 but these are omitted from the drawing as they form no part of the present invention. 7

It has been found that the structure hereinbefore described may sometimes permit the door to come to rest in a position slightly out of the exact central position in which it is shown in the drawings, due to the fact that when the toggle-of one of the linkages buckles as the door swings outward it may cause the long link to turn slightly on its pivot 29 shifting the point of contact between its beveled end surface 39 and the stop 38. This efiect is not very noticeable in the case of a single double acting door, but with double acting double doors, especially when consisting entirely of glass, it is essential that they always come to rest edge to edge in exact planar alignment with each other and this is accomplished by the present invention. I have found that if stop pins 40 are placed in the position shown in Fig. 2 so as to prevent the link 30 and 3| from swinging outward beyond a position where they will be in straight alignment with their respective toggle links 32, when the door is in its middle position, that such deviation from the exact central position in which the door is intended to come to rest will never occur and the door will always come to rest with both links 30 and 3| in proper alignment with their respective toggle links 32 and with their beveled end surfaces 39 in proper engagement with their respective stops 38.

Although but one specific embodiment of'this invention is herein shown and described, it will be understood that numerous details of the structure shown may be altered or omitted without departing from the spirit of the inventionas 6 defined by the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a door closer, a spindle, a pair of angularly spaced radial arms on said spindle, a pair of linkages one of which is connected to each arm, individual spring means acting through said linkages on said arm respectively for rotating said spindle in opposite directions, each said linkage comprising a main link connected to its respective said spring and a pair of toggle links connecting such main link to its respective said arm, adjustable stop means positioned to engage said main links for limiting the longitudinal movement of said main links under the pull of their springs, and guide means to limit lateral movement of said main links by thrust on their respective toggle link while said main links are engaged with said stop means.

2. In a door closer, a spindle, a pair of angularly spaced radial arms on said spindle, a pair of linkages one of which is connected to each arm, individual spring means acting through said linkages on said arms respectively for rotating said spindle in opposite directions, each said linkage comprising a main link connected to its respective said spring and a pair of toggle links connecting such main link to its respective said arm, adjustable stop means positioned to engage said main links for limiting the longitudinal movement of said main links under the pull of their springs, and guide pins abutting the outer sides of said main links adjacent said toggle links to limit lateral movement of said main links by thrust on their respective toggle links while said main links are engaged with said stop means.

3. A door closer, comprising a support, a spindle journalled on said support, an arm extending radially from said spindle, a toggle link pivoted on said arm in a plane transverse to the axis of said spindle, a shoulder on said spindle positioned to limit the pivotal movement of said toggle link toward said spindle, a second toggle link pivoted to said first-named link, a main link pivoted to said second toggle link, a torsion spring having pivotal connection to said main link, stop mean positioned for limiting the movement of said main link by the pull of said torsion spring, and guide means to prevent lateral displacement of said main link through relative buckling movement of said toggle links, said stop means comprising a vertically beveled surface on the end of said main link adjacent to said spring, and a vertically adjustable stationary conical member coacting with said beveled surface.

STANLEY G. BARTOSZEK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

